Factors Influencing the Accuracy of Guided Surgery: An In Vitro Trial.

Purpose: To examine how the accuracy (linear and angular deviation) of implants placed using computer-guided surgery varies in relation to the type of surgical technique (fully guided, half-guided, vs freehand implant placement), bone density (type D1 to D4 bone), and type of support surface (tooth- vs mucosa-supported). Materials and Methods: A total of 32 mandible models were produced (16 partially edentulous and 16 edentulous) using acrylic resin, each calibrated to a different bone density (D1 to D4). Four implants planned using Mguide software were placed in each acrylic resin mandible. A total of 128 implants were placed, distributed according to bone density (D1 to D4, n = 32), the degree of intervention in the surgery (fully guided [FG] = 80, half-guided [HG] = 32, and freehand surgery [F] = 16), and the type of support surface (tooth-supported: n = 64 and mucosa-supported: n = 64). To determine the linear, vertical, and angular deviations between the planned three-dimensional position and the actual position of the implants, the linear and angular difference between them was calculated, with the analysis performed through preoperative and postoperative CBCT scans. The effect was analyzed using parametric tests and linear regression models. Results: All parameters of linear and angular discrepancy in the various regions analyzed (neck, body, and apex) were primarily influenced by the technique and, to a lesser extent, by the bone type, although both variables were predictive and highly significant. These discrepancies tend to increase in completely edentulous models. The regression models show that linear deviations increase by between 630.2 µm at neck level in the buccolingual direction and 836.7 µm at apex level in the mesiodistal direction when comparing the FG and HG techniques. This increase is accumulative when comparing the HG and F techniques. Regarding the effect of bone density, the regression models found that linear discrepancies increase by between 132.6 µm in the axial direction and 199.0 µm at the apex of the implant in the buccolingual direction with each reduction in bone density (D1 to D4). Conclusion: According to this in vitro study, the highest implant placement predictability is found among dentate models with high bone density and a fully guided surgical technique.

Pathology of the maxillary sinus and its relationship to dental pathology and treatment. Systematic review / Patología del seno maxilar y su relación con la patología y los tratamientos dentales. Revisión sistemática

Introduction and objective: The aim of this review is to evaluate to what extent sinus pathology originates from dental pathology or treatment, and to assess the occurrence frequency of sinus pathology in its different forms using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Method: The literature review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus and the Cochrane Library. Forty-two articles were included (25 case series, ten cross- sectional studies, three case-control studies, two cohort studies, one prospective study, and one retrospective study). Results: Forty-two articles involving a total of 13,191 patients and 17,374 CBCTs were included in this review. The most frequent pathological findings were, by a considerable degree, inflammatory diseases, which represented 75.16 % of the total findings, followed by infection (12.13 %), tumours (6.88 %), and high pneumatisation (2.07 %). Within dental pathology, there is a direct Pearson correlation with polyps (1) and opacification (0.999), and an almost direct correlation with retention cysts (0.981) and sinus-associated dental elements (0.972). Conclusions: Our results further support the argument that dental modifications and treatments are an important cause of sinus pathology. For this reason, dental aetiologies must be taken into account by both dentists, maxillofacial surgeons and ENT when considering the most appropriate treatment for patients with maxillary sinusitis. (AU)

Introducción y objetivo: El objetivo de esta revisión fue evaluar en qué medida la patología sinusal se origina a partir de patología o tratamiento dental, y evaluar la frecuencia de aparición de la patología sinusal en sus diferentes formas mediante tomografía computarizada de haz cónico (CBCT). Método: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica utilizando PubMed, Scopus y Cochrane Library. Se incluyeron 42 artículos (25 series de casos, diez estudios transversales, tres estudios de casos y controles, dos estudios de cohortes, un estudio prospectivo y un estudio retrospectivo). Resultados: En esta revisión se incluyeron 42 artículos con un total de 13191 pacientes y 17374 CBCT. Los hallazgos patológicos más frecuentes fueron, en grado considerable, las enfermedades inflamatorias, que representaron el 75,16 % del total de hallazgos, seguida de la infección (12,13 %), los tumores (6,88 %) y la neumatización (2,07 %). Dentro de la patología dental, existe una correlación directa de Pearson con los pólipos (1) y opacificación (0,999), y una correlación casi directa con quistes de retención (0,981) y elementos dentales asociados al seno (0,972). Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos respaldan el argumento de que las patologías y tratamientos dentales son una causa importante de patología sinusal. Por este motivo, tanto los odontólogos como los cirujanos maxilofaciales y otorrinolaringólogos deben tener en cuenta las etiologías dentales a la hora de considerar el tratamiento más adecuado para los pacientes con sinusitis maxilar. (AU)

Comentarios sobre los cuidados bucodentales en pacientes en tratamiento con radioyodo por cáncer de tiroides / Comments on Oral Care in Patients Receiving Radioiodine Treatment for Thyroid Cancer

Introducción y objetivo: El objetivo del presente trabajo es concienciar a los profesionales que se ocupan del diagnóstico y tratamiento de las patologías de tiroides y paratiroides sobre la problemática de la salud bucodental relacionada con el tratamiento con yodo 131 (I-131) y proporcionar una guía de cuidados bucodentales en estos pacientes. Síntesis: El manejo del paciente en tratamiento con radioyodo se engloba dentro de un contexto multidisciplinar, en el que el rol del dentista es especialmente importante para prevenir y tratar los efectos secundarios orales del I-131, y por lo tanto debe formar parte de él. Su papel es fundamental en el examen del paciente antes de iniciar el tratamiento con I-131, elaborando un plan de tratamiento para sus patologías orales, informando al paciente de los riesgos y efectos secundarios orales del I-131, enseñando técnicas de higiene oral para paliar los resultados de dichos efectos secundarios y prescribiendo tratamientos con flúor y enjuagues antibacterianos. Conclusiones: El paciente en tratamiento con radioyodo tiene predisposición a la aparición de caries y enfermedad periodontal. Se debe evaluar al paciente antes de iniciar la terapia, eliminando todas las posibles fuentes de dolor, infección y hemorragia oral. Se debe evitar el tratamiento dental de estos pacientes una vez comenzada la terapia, salvo tratamientos de urgencia. El odontólogo es un pilar fundamental como parte del equipo multidisciplinar responsable del tratamiento del paciente con cáncer de tiroides sometido a terapia con radioyodo. (AU)

Introduction and Objective: The objective of this paper is to educate professionals who deal with the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid and parathyroid pathologies about the oral health problem related to treatment with radioiodine (I-131) and to provide a guide to oral care in these patients. Synthesis: The management of patients undergoing radioiodine treatment is encompassed within a multidisciplinary context in which the role of the dentist is especially important to prevent and treat the oral side effects of I-131 as part of the oncology team. Their role is essential in examining the patient before starting treatment with I-131, developing a treatment plan for their oral pathologies, informing the patient of the risks and oral side effects of I-131, teaching oral hygiene techniques for alleviate the results of these side effects and prescribing fluoride treatments and antibacterial rinses. Conclusions: The patient treated with radioiodine has a predisposition to the appearance of caries and periodontal disease. The patient should be evaluated before starting therapy, eliminating all possible sources of pain, infection and oral bleeding. Dental treatment of these patients should be avoided once therapy has begun, except for emergency treatment. The dentist is a fundamental pillar as part of the treatment team for patients with thyroid cancer who are undergoing radioiodine therapy. (AU)

Patient-Centered Treatment Outcomes with Full-Arch PEEK Rehabilitation Supported on Four Immediate or Conventionally Loaded Implants. A Randomized Clinical Trial.

This study aims to assess the treatment outcomes (functional and subjective) of full-arch fixed hybrid rehabilitations made of PEEK (poly-ether-ether-ketone) with milled crowns of nano-filled composite (NFC) supported on four to six implants. In this randomized clinical trial, 34 edentate patients in the upper and/or the lower jaws were treated with the fixed hybrid dentures. In 16 patients (47.1% of the sample), the implants were loaded immediately (IL) by means of a provisional fixed rehabilitation made of PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate) screwed on Multi-Unit (MU) abutments connected after emplacement of the implant; however, in the counterparts (n = 18) these MU abutments were covered by healing caps and were left unloaded during two months (conventional loading protocol-CL), when all patients received a fixed hybrid PEEK-NFC rehabilitation on the upper and/or the lower jaw. Treatment outcomes were assessed 12 months after prostheses delivery. Functional outcomes were calculated according to masticatory performance, estimated by mixing ability tests of two colored chewing gums after ten chewing strokes, by the occlusal force/area recorded by pressure-sensitive sheets, and by electromyography of masseters and temporal muscles at maximum biteforce. The subjective outcomes of the treatment were assessed using both the oral satisfaction scale (visual analog scale) and the Spanish version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-20). The findings of the present study showed that treatment with fixed PEEK-NFC hybrid prostheses significantly improved the masticatory performance, bite force, occlusal pattern, quality of life, and satisfaction, with the IL group being those with significantly higher occlusal bite forces and greater satisfaction in comparison with CL group. It should be concluded that PEEK-NFC hybrid prostheses can improve several patient-centered outcomes and that loading protocol significantly affects the patient's self-rated satisfaction.

[Microbiology of infections caused by dog and cat bites: A review]. / Microbiología de las infecciones causadas por mordeduras de perros y gatos en personas: Una revisión.

BACKGROUND: Bites caused by pets constitute 5% of the traumatic injuries registered in the emergency services. AIM: To know the main infectious agents present in dog and cat bites, both individually and jointly, in humans, as well as the predisposing factors that favor infection and its spread. METHODS: A bibliographic search was carried out in PubMed with the following search strategy: (("Bites, Human" [Mesh]) OR "Bites and Stings" [Mesh]) AND "Infection" [Mesh]. Twenty-four papers were included in the qualitative synthesis written in English or Spanish, clinical or descriptive cases and published between 2000 and 2019. RESULTS: Most frequently isolated species were Capnocytophaga canimorsus in dogs and Pasteurella multocida in cats. The existence of comorbidities in the individual, the bite on the hand, or the presence of signs of alteration of the general state of the bitten individual were considered as risk factors for the development of infection after the bite. CONCLUSIONS: All patients with animal bites should receive medical assistance, and the administration of an antibiotic prophylaxis regimen should be considered to reduce the risk of septic shock. Besides, it is important to advise the microbiology laboratory of the nature of the clinical samples obtained in order to reach the best etiological diagnosis.

Functional and Patient-Centered Treatment Outcomes with Mandibular Overdentures Retained by Two Immediate or Conventionally Loaded Implants: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

This study aims to assess the treatment outcomes (functional and subjective) of mandibular overdentures retained on two implants with or without an immediate loading protocol. In this randomized clinical trial, twenty fully edentulous patients were treated with a mandibular two-implant-retained overdenture and a complete new maxillary denture. In half of the sample, the implants were loaded immediately by means of VulkanLoc® abutments after emplacement of the implant, but in the counterparts, these VulkanLoc® abutments were connected to implants two months after the surgery (conventional protocol), and until that time the dentures were retained by healing abutments. Treatment outcomes were assessed at two, six, and twelve months after surgery. Functional outcomes were calculated according to masticatory performance, estimated by the mixed fraction of a two-coloured chewing gum after five, ten, and fifteen chewing strokes, by the occlusal force recorded by pressure-sensitive sheets, and by the bioelectrical muscular activity. The subjective outcomes of the treatment were assessed using both the oral satisfaction scale (visual analogue scale) and the Spanish version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-20). The findings of the present study show that new complete dentures resulted in significant improvements in chewing ability, patient satisfaction, and oral health-related quality of life and that subsequent implant-retained overdentures produced further and faster significant improvements. The loading protocol may influence those positive self-reported outcomes rather than the objective functional evaluations.

Main 3D Manufacturing Techniques for Customized Bone Substitutes. A Systematic Review.

Clinicians should be aware of the main methods and materials to face the challenge of bone shortage by manufacturing customized grafts, in order to repair defects. This study aims to carry out a bibliographic review of the existing methods to manufacture customized bone scaffolds through 3D technology and to identify their current situation based on the published papers. A literature search was carried out using "3D scaffold", "bone regeneration", "robocasting" and "3D printing" as descriptors. This search strategy was performed on PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus and Cochrane Library, but also by hand search in relevant journals and throughout the selected papers. All the papers focusing on techniques for manufacturing customized bone scaffolds were reviewed. The 62 articles identified described 14 techniques (4 subtraction + 10 addition techniques). Scaffold fabrication techniques can be also be classified according to the time at which they are developed, into Conventional techniques and Solid Freeform Fabrication techniques. The conventional techniques are unable to control the architecture of the pore and the pore interconnection. However, current Solid Freeform Fabrication techniques allow individualizing and generating complex geometries of porosity. To conclude, currently SLA (Stereolithography), Robocasting and FDM (Fused deposition modeling) are promising options in customized bone regeneration.

Microbiología de las infecciones causadas por mordeduras de perros y gatos en personas: una revisión / Microbiology of infections caused by dog and cat bites: a review

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las mordeduras causadas por animales de compañía constituyen el 5% de las heridas traumáticas registradas en los servicios de urgencias. OBJETIVO: Conocer los principales agentes infecciosos presentes en las mordeduras provocadas por perros y gatos, tanto de forma individual como conjunta; así como los factores que favorecen la infección. METODOLOGÍA: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en Pub-Med con la siguiente estrategia de búsqueda: (("Bites, Human"[Mesh]) OR "Bites and Stings"[Mesh]) AND "Infection"[Mesh]. Se incluyeron 24 trabajos en la síntesis cualitativa escritos en lengua inglesa o española, casos clínicos o descriptivos y publicados entre los años 2000 y 2019. RESULTADOS: Las especies más frecuentemente aisladas fueron Capnocytophaga canimorsus en perros y Pasteurella multocida en gatos. La existencia de comorbilidades en el individuo, la mordedura en la mano, o la presencia de signos de alteración del estado general del individuo mordido fueron considerados como factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de la infección tras la mordedura. CONCLUSIONES: Todos los afectados por mordeduras animales deben recibir asistencia médica y considerar la administración de una pauta de profilaxis antimicrobiana con el fin de reducir el riesgo de shock séptico. Por otro lado, es importante advertir al laboratorio de microbiología de la naturaleza de las muestras clínicas obtenidas para alcanzar el mejor diagnóstico etiológico.

BACKGROUND: Bites caused by pets constitute 5% of the traumatic injuries registered in the emergency services. AIM: To know the main infectious agents present in dog and cat bites, both individually and jointly, in humans, as well as the predisposing factors that favor infection and its spread. METHODS: A bibliographic search was carried out in PubMed with the following search strategy: (("Bites, Human" [Mesh]) OR "Bites and Stings" [Mesh]) AND "Infection" [Mesh]. Twenty-four papers were included in the qualitative synthesis written in English or Spanish, clinical or descriptive cases and published between 2000 and 2019. Results: Most frequently isolated species were Capnocytophaga canimorsus in dogs and Pasteurella multocida in cats. The existence of comorbidities in the individual, the bite on the hand, or the presence of signs of alteration of the general state of the bitten individual were considered as risk factors for the development of infection after the bite. CONCLUSIONS: All patients with animal bites should receive medical assistance, and the administration of an antibiotic prophylaxis regimen should be considered to reduce the risk of septic shock. Besides, it is important to advise the microbiology laboratory of the nature of the clinical samples obtained in order to reach the best etiological diagnosis.

Implant loss and crestal bone loss in early loading versus delayed and immediate loading in edentulous mandibles. A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Information about the risk of early loss and crestal bone loss of dental implants which have been loaded early is scant if compared with data available for those conventionally or immediately loaded. A meta-analysis of early loss and crestal bone loss in immediate or delayed loaded full mandibular denture retaining dental implants has been recently published. It is interesting to evaluate also the risks of early versus immediate and delayed loading in complete mandibular restorations. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to study early (EL) versus immediate (IL) and delayed loading (DL) protocols in edentulous mandibles to determine whether differences exist in implant success and crestal bone loss. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The literature review was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Seven randomized clinical trials were included. RESULTS: The result of a meta-analysis of implant loss before 1 year in EL versus IL was 0.34 (95% CI: 0.08, 1.52), favoring the EL control group, while the outcome for crestal bone loss at the three-year observation was -0.10 (95% CI: -0.28, 0.09), with a tendency toward reduced bone loss for EL. In the EL versus DL group, the result of the meta-analysis of implant loss before one year was inconclusive, while in the comparison regarding crestal bone loss in the first year of observation, the result was -0.03 (95% CI: -0.08,-0.02) with a tendency to less bone loss in EL. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of early implant loss in the IL group was higher than in the EL group. The results in terms of early implant loss in EL versus DL are inconclusive. Besides, crestal bone loss is greater in immediately and delayed loaded implants, at 1 and 3 years of observation, compared to those loaded early. Key words:Dental implants, early dental implant loading, dental prostheses, implant- supported, alveolar bone loss, meta-analysis.

Effectiveness of Propolis in the Treatment of Periodontal Disease: Updated Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.

In recent times, the use of natural products has gained momentum, either as a treatment or as adjuvants for other drugs in the treatment of different conditions. Propolis is a natural substance produced by bees which has proven useful for treating periodontal disease. This systematic review and meta-analysis gather evidence of the effectiveness of propolis in this kind of condition. The MEDLINE, CENTRAL, PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases were searched for scientific articles to identify the findings published up to October 2020. The MeSH phrases used in the search were: "periodontal diseases AND propolis treatment"; "gingivitis AND propolis treatment"; "periodontitis AND propolis treatment"; "propolis treatment AND oral health"; "propolis AND oxidative stress AND periodontitis". The Boolean operator "AND" was used to combine the searches. Randomized trials where propolis was used in the treatment of different periodontal conditions were included. Non-randomized clinical studies were systematically reviewed and 224 studies were detected, eight of which met the criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Only three of these were selected for quantitative synthesis. In conclusion, propolis is safe to use and can improve the results of periodontal disease treatment, reducing probing pocket depth compared with treatment with a placebo (difference in means, fixed effects -0.67 [95% CI: -0.84, -0.50]).

Classification of sinonasal pathology associated with dental pathology or dental treatment.

BACKGROUND: The pathologies of the posterior teeth in the first and second quadrant and their treatments can be associated with pathology of the maxillary sinus in up to 30% of the cases. Sinus lift surgery in order to place dental implants have increased their incidence. It is necessary, therefore, to address sinonasal pathology (SN) related to dental pathology (DP) or dental treatments (DT) from an interdisciplinary point of view by establishing collaborative working groups between Dentistry (DEN) and Otolaryngology (ENT), as well as by developing registries and establishing coordinated diagnosis and treatment protocols of sinonasal pathology. The aim of this study was to present a brand new and useful classification that relates dental pathology and dental treatments performed on antral teeth with sinonasal pathology to facilitate communication between dentists and otolaryngologists. METHODS: A review of the literature was performed and a classification which related dental pathology and treatments to sinonasal pathology was developed. RESULTS: Six categories are described in our system: absence of sinonasal or dental pathology (0); patients with dental pathology associated (1) or not (4) with sinonasal pathology; 2 and 5- patients with dental treatment not associated (2) or associated (5) with sinonasal pathology; and patients with sinonasal pathology without dental pathology (3). The classification has applications in diagnosis (association and possible causal relationship between the sinonasal and dental pathology) and in the treatment of these pathologies simultaneously or sequentially. CONCLUSIONS: This classification integrates the presence or absence of dental pathology or dental treatment, and its association or not it with sinonasal pathology. Moreover, it facilitates the communication between dentists and otolaringologists and eases the registration of information and the planning of dental, implant and sinus lift treatments.

Implant loss and crestal bone loss in immediate versus delayed load in edentulous mandibles: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: The current trend is to shorten the loading times of dental implants. However, information about the risk of early loss of implants that have been loaded immediately is scant if compared with data available for those conventionally loaded. PURPOSE: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to study immediate (IL) and delayed loading (DL) protocols in edentulous mandibles to determine whether differences exist in implant success and crestal bone loss and to evaluate these possible differences in relation to the type of prosthesis and the splinting of the implants. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The literature review was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library. Nine randomized clinical trials were included. RESULTS: The result of a meta-analysis of implant loss before 1 year was 2.63 (95% CI: 1.22, 5.68), favoring the DL control group, while the outcome for crestal bone loss at the observation year was 0.42 (95% CI: -0.35, 1.20), with a tendency toward reduced bone loss for DL. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of early loss in the IL group was higher than that in the DL group. For removable prostheses and nonsplinted implants, DL was preferred. The quality of scientific evidence significantly favors DL.

Parálisis laríngea detectada en la laringoscopia preoperatoria en enfermedad de tiroides maligna y benigna. Revisión sistemática y metaanálisis / Laryngeal paralysis detected in preoperative laryngoscopy in malignant and benign thyroid disease. Systematic review and meta-analysis

Hay controversia sobre la realización de laringoscopia preoperatoria (LP) en cirugía de tiroides. Las recomendaciones, basadas en estudios observacionales, varían entre unas publicaciones y otras. El objetivo del estudio es conocer la prevalencia de parálisis laríngea hallada en LP de pacientes a los que se realizó tiroidectomía en enfermedad benigna y maligna. Se realizó la revisión sistemática con 29 artículos incluidos para el estudio cualitativo y metaanálisis de 13 artículos en los que pudieron obtenerse los datos para evaluar el mismo efecto (LP realizada en todos los pacientes incluidos; se recoge a los pacientes con parálisis laríngea preoperatoria, figura el número total de pacientes y pueden asignarse las parálisis preoperatorias a los grupos de histología posoperatoria maligna o benigna). La prevalencia agrupada de parálisis preoperatoria en enfermedad benigna fue del 1,1% (IC del 95%, 0,7 a 1,7%; I2 71%) y en enfermedad maligna 6,3% (IC del 95%, 3,8 a 9,4%; I2 85%). La prevalencia es significativamente superior entre pacientes con enfermedad maligna con un efecto estimado RR 5,66, IC del 95%, 2,48, 12,88. Los estudios analizados presentan sesgos que será necesario corregir en investigaciones futuras, eliminando los sesgos de cegamiento en la selección y asignación de pacientes o en la técnica de laringoscopia empleada. La LP en cirugía de tiroides evalúa posibles trastornos de motilidad laríngea. La prevalencia de la parálisis laríngea en enfermedad de tiroides hallada en la LP en pacientes con diagnóstico posoperatorio de enfermedad maligna es más elevada que en el grupo de enfermedad benigna. Esta información es necesaria para interpretar la señal de neuromonitorización intraoperatoria y tomar decisiones

There is controversy regarding the performance of preoperative laryngoscopy (LP) in thyroid surgery, with different recommendations being made, based on observational studies, in various publications. The aim of the study was to know the prevalence of laryngeal paralysis found in the LPs of patients who underwent thyroidectomy in benign and malignant pathology. A systematic review was carried out with 29 articles included for the qualitative study and a meta-analysis of 13 articles in which the data could be obtained to evaluate the same effect (in all patients in which an LP was carried out, those with preoperative laryngeal paralysis were included, and assigned to malignant or benign postoperative histology groups). The pooled prevalence of preoperative paralysis in benign pathology was 1.1% (95% CI 0.7 to 1.7%, 71% I2) and in 6.3% malignant pathology (95% CI 3.8 to 9.4%; I2 85%). The prevalence was significantly higher among patients with malignant pathology with an estimated effect RR 5.66, 95% CI, 2.48, 12.88. The studies analyzed present biases that will need to be corrected in future research, eliminating blinding biases in the selection and allocation of patients or in the laryngoscopy technique used. The LP in thyroid surgery evaluates possible disorders of laryngeal motility. The prevalence of laryngeal paralysis in thyroid pathology found in LPs in patients with a postoperative diagnosis of malignant pathology was higher than in the benign pathology group. This information is necessary for interpreting the intraoperative neuromonitoring signal and for making informed decisions

Effect of Rough Surface Platforms on the Mucosal Attachment and the Marginal Bone Loss of Implants: A Dog Study.

: The preservation of peri-implant tissues is an important factor for implant success. This study aimed to assess the influence of the surface features of a butt-joint platform on soft-tissue attachment and bone resorption after immediate or delayed implant placement. All premolars and first molars of eight Beagle dogs were extracted on one mandible side. Twelve-weeks later, the same surgery was developed on the other side. Five implants with different platform surface configurations were randomly inserted into the post-extracted-sockets. On the healed side, the same five different implants were randomly placed. Implants were inserted 1 mm subcrestal to the buccal bony plate and were connected to abutments. The primary outcome variables were the supracrestal soft tissue (SST) adaptation and the bone resorption related to the implant shoulder. The SST height was significantly larger in immediate implants (IC95% 3.9-4.9 mm) compared to delayed implants (IC95% 3.1-3.5 mm). Marginal bone loss tended to be higher in immediate implants (IC95% 0.4-0.9 mm) than in delayed implants (IC95% 0.3-0.8 mm). Linear-regression analysis suggested that the SST height was significantly affected by the configuration of the platform (0.3-1.9 mm). Roughened surface platforms resulted in higher SST height when compared to machined surface platforms. Marginal bone loss was less pronounced in roughened designs.

Sinus lift through the use of a surgical guide: a case report.

AIM: Sinus lift is a common procedure to achieve bone height in the maxillary posterior region. This surgery can be performed through either a lateral or crestal approach. Preoperative planning usually entails CBCT and intraoperative evaluation at the time of surgery. This article presents a case in which a surgical guide was made by digitally planning for the performance of a sinus lift procedure through a lateral approach. CASE PRESENTATION: A 59-year-old partially edentulous female patient underwent sinus lift surgery using a stereolithographic guide designed in NemoStudio software and printed using clear, biocompatible MED610. On the day of surgery, the bone guide was fixed with pins, and the lateral window was made by piezoelectric surgery. There were no intraoperative or postoperative incidents. DISCUSSION: There are very few descriptions in the literature of the use of surgical guides for sinus lift. In this case, the advantages of its use were the precision in the performance of the window, the speed and comfort of access, and the retractor effect of the guide on the flap. The main drawback was the need to raise a wide flap to achieve good settlement of the guide. CONCLUSION: The present case, which presents an innovative technique for the opening of the lateral window in a sinus lift procedure, is interesting for the advancement of computer-guided surgery.

Laryngeal paralysis detected in preoperative laryngoscopy in malignant and benign thyroid disease. Systematic review and meta-analysis. / Parálisis laríngea detectada en la laringoscopia preoperatoria en enfermedad de tiroides maligna y benigna. Revisión sistemática y metaanálisis.

There is controversy regarding the performance of preoperative laryngoscopy (LP) in thyroid surgery, with different recommendations being made, based on observational studies, in various publications. The aim of the study was to know the prevalence of laryngeal paralysis found in the LPs of patients who underwent thyroidectomy in benign and malignant pathology. A systematic review was carried out with 29 articles included for the qualitative study and a meta-analysis of 13 articles in which the data could be obtained to evaluate the same effect (in all patients in which an LP was carried out, those with preoperative laryngeal paralysis were included, and assigned to malignant or benign postoperative histology groups). The pooled prevalence of preoperative paralysis in benign pathology was 1.1% (95% CI 0.7 to 1.7%, 71% I2) and in 6.3% malignant pathology (95% CI 3.8 to 9.4%; I2 85%). The prevalence was significantly higher among patients with malignant pathology with an estimated effect RR 5.66, 95% CI, 2.48, 12.88. The studies analyzed present biases that will need to be corrected in future research, eliminating blinding biases in the selection and allocation of patients or in the laryngoscopy technique used. The LP in thyroid surgery evaluates possible disorders of laryngeal motility. The prevalence of laryngeal paralysis in thyroid pathology found in LPs in patients with a postoperative diagnosis of malignant pathology was higher than in the benign pathology group. This information is necessary for interpreting the intraoperative neuromonitoring signal and for making informed decisions.

Anotaciones para estructurar una revisión sistemática / Annotations to structure a systematic review

No disponible

Deep neck infection of dental origin. A case report / Infección cervical profunda de origen dental. Descripción de un caso

INTRODUCCIÓN Y OBJETIVO: Al menos el 36% de las infecciones cervicales profundas pueden tener un origen dental. Descripción del caso: Mujer de 44 años que consultó por disfonía de una semana de evolución. La rinofibrolaringoscopia reveló edema aritenoideo izquierdo y parálisis de la hemilaringe izquierda y cuello normal. Se realizó una tomografía axial computarizada, encontrando absceso parafaríngeo izquierdo. Se realizó tratamiento antibiótico sistémico y quirúrgico con cervicotomía y drenaje del absceso en cuyo cultivo se aisló Prevotella buccae. Comentarios: El resultado del cultivo ayudó a establecer el origen dental de la infección. En la historia dental, se encontró una historia de pericoronitis asociada con 3.8. CONCLUSIONES: el diagnóstico del origen dental de una infección cervical profunda se establece mediante la historia dental, el examen oral, la radiología oral y el cultivo microbiológico

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: At least 36% of deep cervical infections may have a dental origin. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 44-year-old woman who consulted for dysphonia of a week of evolution. Rhinofibrolaryngoscopy revealed left arytenoid edema and paralysis of the left hemilarynx and normal neck. A computerized axial tomography was performed, finding left parapharyngeal abscess. Systemic and surgical antibiotic treatment was performed with cervicotomy and drainage of the abscess in whose culture Prevotella buccae was isolated. COMMENTS: The result of the culture helped establish the dental origin of the infection. In the dental history, a history of pericoronitis associated with 3.8 was found. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of the dental origin of a deep cervical infection is established by dental history, oral examination, oral radiology and microbiological culture

Influence of short implants geometry on primary stability

BACKGROUND: A correct design is needed in short implants to improve primary stability (PS) in low quality bone. This study aimed to compare PS of double thread and single thread short implants. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty implants with single thread design (PHI/SHORT-I) and 30 implants with double thread design (PHIA/SHORT-I) (Radhex(R), Inmet-Garnick S.A., Guadalajara, Spain) were placed in 30 randomly selected bovine ribs. PS was assessed in implant stability quotients (ISQ) and periotest values (PV) with Osstell(TM) and Periotest(R) devices, respectively. Computed tomographies of the ribs were taken and bone quality was evaluated in Hounsfield Units (HU) using Ez3D Plus software (Vatech Co., Korea). Only implants placed in low quality bone according to Misch and Kircos classification were selected (D3 bone: 350-850 HU; and D4 bone: 150-350 HU). Ten implants were not included in the study for being placed in D1 and D2 bone. Finally, 50 implants were selected: 17 and 9 PHI/SHORT-I in D3 and D4 bone respectively, and 15 and 9 PHIA/SHORT-I in D3 and D4 bone respectively. RESULTS: The one-way ANOVA showed statistically significant differences in ISQ (61.35 ± 4.77 in PHI/SHORT-I and 66.43 ± 4.49 in PHIA/SHORT-I, P < 0.005) and PV (-2.76 ± 0.8 and -4.11 ± 1.24 respectively, P < 0.005) between two implant designs in D3 bone, and statistically significant differences in ISQ (53.44 ± 3.34 in PHI/SHORT-I and 60.56 ± 1.53 in PHIA/SHORT-I, P<0.0001) and PV (1.13 ± 0.95 and -2.5 ± 0.61 respectively, P < 0.0001) between two groups in D4 bone. CONCLUSIONS: Double thread design short implants resulted to have higher PS in comparison with single thread design short implants in D3 and D4 bone

Preload loss of abutment screws after dynamic fatigue in single implant-supported restorations. A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: To carry out a systematic literature review of the causes of preload loss of the abutment screws, of internal and external connection implants, tightened to different torque values and subjected to cyclic loading. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases with reference to in vitro studies in which internal and external connection implants were subjected to cyclic loads to determine the degree of loosening of the abutment screws after loading. RESULTS: The reviewed studies tested distinct implant connections (mostly externally hexed, and morse taper) subjected to diverse cycles (from 16667 to 1 million), with loads ranging from 0-400 Nw, using screws of different materials and designs that were tightened into torques between 20-45 Ncm, Accordingly after loading the percentage of torque loss ranges between 16.1% to 39%. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the studies indicate that the internal connection, together with the morse taper, best resists cyclic loading in terms of screw loosening in single-tooth implants. Key words:Dental Implants, Dental Implant-Abutment Design, Torque, In Vitro Techniques, Systematic Review.